How to Get All SQL Server Error Codes and Messages Using T-SQL

When working with Microsoft SQL Server, understanding system errors is crucial for effective debugging and troubleshooting. SQL Server comes with a comprehensive list of system-defined error messages — each associated with an error number, severity level, and detailed text.

SQL Server stores all predefined error messages in the system catalog view called sys.messages.

Below is the query to Get All Error Codes and Messages:

SELECT 
  message_id AS ErrorCode, 
  severity AS Severity, 
  is_event_logged AS IsLogged, 
  text AS ErrorMessage 
FROM 
  sys.messages -- Note 1033 = US English
WHERE 
  language_id = 1033 
ORDER BY 
  message_id;